Lokacin la'akari da kumaganin ruwan sharar gidatsari, fara da ƙayyade abin da kuke buƙatar cirewa daga ruwa don saduwa da buƙatun fitarwa. Tare da ingantaccen magani na sinadarai, zaku iya cire ions da ƙananan narkar da daskararru daga ruwa, da kuma dakatar da daskararru. Sinadaran da ake amfani da su a cikin tsire-tsire masu kula da najasa sun haɗa da: pH regulator, coagulant,flocculant.
Flocculant
Ana amfani da flocculants a cikin nau'ikan masana'antu da aikace-aikace masu yawa don taimakawa cire daskararrun daskararrun da aka dakatar daga ruwan sharar gida ta hanyar tattara abubuwan gurɓatawa a cikin zanen gado ko "flocs" waɗanda ke yawo a saman ko daidaita ƙasa. Hakanan za'a iya amfani da su don tausasa lemun tsami, tattara sludge da dehydrate daskararru. Na halitta ko ma'adinai flocculants sun hada da silica aiki da polysaccharides, yayin da roba flocculants ne yawanci.polyacrylamide.
Dangane da cajin da sinadari na ruwan sharar gida, ana iya amfani da flocculants shi kaɗai ko a haɗe tare da coagulant.Flocculants sun bambanta da coagulanta cikin cewa yawanci su ne polymers, yayin da coagulant yawanci gishiri ne. Girman kwayoyin su (nauyin) da yawan cajin (kashi na kwayoyin halitta tare da cajin anionic ko cationic) na iya bambanta don "daidaita" cajin barbashi a cikin ruwa kuma ya sa su taru tare da bushewa. Gabaɗaya, ana amfani da flocculants anionic don kama ɓarnar ma'adinai, yayin da ake amfani da flocculants na cationic don kama ƙwayoyin halitta.
PH mai tsarawa
Don cire karafa da sauran gurɓataccen gurɓataccen ruwa daga ruwan sharar gida, ana iya amfani da mai sarrafa pH. Ta hanyar haɓaka pH na ruwa, kuma ta haka ƙara yawan ions hydroxide mara kyau, wannan zai haifar da ions na ƙarfe da aka caje da kyau don haɗawa tare da waɗannan ions hydroxide da aka caje. Wannan yana haifar da tacewa daga ƙaƙƙarfan ƙarfe masu yawa da marasa narkewa.
Coagulant
Ga kowane tsarin kula da ruwan sha wanda ke kula da daskararrun daskararru, coagulants na iya ƙarfafa gurɓataccen gurɓataccen abu don cirewa cikin sauƙi. Chemical coagulant amfani da pretreatment na masana'antu ruwan sharar gida sun kasu kashi biyu kashi: Organic da inorganic.
Coagulant inorganic suna da tsada kuma ana iya amfani da su don aikace-aikace da yawa. Suna da tasiri musamman a kan danyen ruwa na kowane ƙananan turbidity, kuma wannan aikace-aikacen bai dace da masu samar da kwayoyin halitta ba. Lokacin da aka ƙara shi cikin ruwa, abubuwan da ba su da ƙarfi daga aluminum ko ƙarfe suna hazo, suna ɗaukar ƙazanta a cikin ruwa suna tsarkake shi. Ana kiran wannan a matsayin tsarin "sweep-and-flocculate". Duk da yake tasiri, tsarin yana ƙara yawan adadin sludge wanda ke buƙatar cirewa daga ruwa. Na kowa inorganic coagulant sun hada da aluminum sulfate, aluminum chloride, da ferric sulfate.
Kwayoyin coagulant na halitta suna da fa'idodin ƙarancin ƙima, ƙarancin samar da sludge kuma babu wani tasiri akan pH na ruwan da aka bi da su. Misalai na gama-gari na ƙwayoyin cuta sun haɗa da polyamines da polydimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride, da melamine, formaldehyde da tannins.
layin mu na flocculants da coagulant an tsara shi don haɓaka maganin sharar gida da kuma rage yawan farashin aikace-aikacen sarrafa ma'adinai iri-iri, biyan buƙatun sinadarai na maganin ruwa a cikin yanayin aikace-aikacen iri-iri.
Lokacin aikawa: Fabrairu-15-2023