Alamomin fasaha napolyackolladeGaba ɗaya kwayoyin nauyi, digiri na hydrolysis, ionic digiri, danko, mai danko, don haka yanke hukunci game da ingancin Pam!
01Nauyi na kwayoyin
Weightular nauyin Pam yana da girma sosai kuma an inganta shi sosai a cikin 'yan shekarun nan.Pam, wanda aka yi amfani da shi a shekarun 1970, suna da nauyin miliyoyin miliyoyin. Tun daga shekarun 1980, nauyin kwayar halitta ya fi miliyan 15, kuma wasu suka isa miliyan 20. "Kowane daga cikin wadannan membobin pam an polymerized daga fiye da dubu ɗari kadada (Acrylamai yana da nauyin kwayoyin lantarki na 71, kuma pam tare da nauyin kwayar halittar 7.1)."
Gabaɗaya, PAM tare da babban nauyin kwayoyin yana da mafi kyawun ƙarfin wuta, tare da nauyin kwayar halittar 71 don PAM miliyan 71 don Pam mai ɗauke da monomers 100,000. Nauyin kwayar halittar polyackulamde da abubuwan da suka samu daga daruruwan dubunnan zuwa miliyan 10, gwargwadon nauyin kwayar cuta (sama da miliyan 10), Super Miliyan 15).
Nauyin kwayoyin halitta na ilimin halittar macromelectular kwayoyin halitta, har ma a cikin wannan samfurin ba gaba daya ba, nauyin kwayar halitta shine matsakaita.
02Digiri na hydrolysis da digiri na ion
Ionic Digiri na PAM yana da tasiri sosai akan tasirin amfaninta, amma darajar da ta dace ya dogara da nau'ikan kayan da yanayin kayan da ake bi, za a sami kyawawan dabi'u a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban. Idan Ionic ƙarfi na kayan da aka bi da shi ya fi girma (wanda ke ɗauke da ƙarin abubuwa marasa rinjaye), ionic Digiri na PAM ya kamata ya zama mafi girma, akasin haka, ya kamata ya zama ƙasa. Gabaɗaya, ana kiran matsayin anion mataki na hydrolysis. Da kuma ionic digiri gaba daya yana nufin coms.
Ionicity = n / (m + n) * 100%
An samar da Pam a farkon matakin daga monomer na polyacklemillide, wanda bai ƙunshi kungiyar -Ccoona kungiyar. Kafin amfani, ya kamata a ƙara Nooh da mai zafi zuwa sashin--conh2 rukuni zuwa -coona. Daidaituwa kamar haka:
-Conh2 + Nahoh → -coona + nh3 ↑
An saki gas ammoni a lokacin hydrolysis. Yunkuri na Amide Groupungyis a PAM ake kira mataki na hydrolysis na PAM, wanda shine matsayin wani tsiro. Yin amfani da wannan nau'in pam bai dace ba, kuma aikin bai dace ba (yana dumama hydrolyis zai sanya nauyin kwayoyin yana raguwa), da wuya a yi amfani da shi tun 1980s.
Ingantattun zamani na zamani yana da samfurori daban-daban daban-daban, mai amfani zai iya bisa ga buƙata kuma ta hanyar gwajin da ya dace don zaɓar nau'in da ya dace, baya buƙatar amfani da hydrolysis, ba za a iya amfani da hydrolysis, ba za a iya amfani da hydrolysis, ba za a iya amfani da hydrolysis, ba za a iya amfani da shi.Koyaya, saboda dalilan al'adu, wasu mutane har yanzu suna magana game da kawar da katsewa na masu tasowa kamar hydrolysis. Ya kamata a lura cewa ma'anar hydrolysis shine bazuwar ruwa, wanda shine hakar sinadarai. Da hydrolysis na PAM yana da gas na ammonia; Tsabtacewararrun aiki ne na zahiri, babu wani sinadaran. Biyu sun bambanta da gaske kuma bai kamata a rikice ba.
03Abun Monomer na Monomer
Da sauran monomer na monomer na Pam yana nufin abubuwan da ke cikinaikin orryamifiA cikin porrylamaizai polymerization cikin polyacklelamide a cikin aiwatar da bai cika ba kuma kyakkyawan saura a cikin samfuran ACrylamide. Muhimmin sigogi ne don auna ko ya dace da masana'antar abinci. Polyacklameride ba mai guba bane, amma Acrylama yana da wasu guba. A cikin masana'antu Polyacklemillide, yana da wuya a guji yanayin ɓarnar da ba a taɓa amfani da shi ba. Saboda haka, abun ciki na resomer a cikiPAM PAMdole ne a sarrafa shi sosai. Yawan abin da aka yi amfani da shi a Pam da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin ruwan sha da masana'antar abinci ba a ba da damar wuce 0.05% na duniya. Darajar shahararrun samfuran kasashen waje sun ƙasa da 0.03%.
04danko
PAMR bayani yana da kyau viscous. Babban nauyin kwayar halittar pam, mafi girma danko na mafita. Wannan saboda PAM MacRomeleces suna da tsawo, sarƙoƙi na bakin ciki waɗanda ke da babban juriya don motsawa ta hanyar bayani. Maganarta na danko shine a nuna girman ƙarfin ƙarfin jiki a cikin mafita, kuma ana kiranta da madaidaicin cikin gida. Dangarin bayani game da kowane irin kwayoyin polymer na polymer yana da girma kuma yana ƙaruwa tare da karuwar nauyin kwayoyin. Hanya don tantance nauyin kwayoyin halitta na kwayoyin polymer, shine don sanin irin bayani na bayani a wasu yanayi, sannan kuma a cewar wani tsari mai nauyi, wanda aka sani da "visco matsakaitan ƙwayoyin ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta".
Lokaci: Jana-12-2023