Masana'antar sinadarai
Masana'antar sinadarai tana fuskantar manyan ƙalubalen ka'idojin muhalli a cikinmaganin ruwan sharar sasallama.Abubuwan gurɓata da matatun mai da tsire-tsire masu sinadarai ke fitarwa sun haɗa da gurɓatawar al'ada kamar mai da kitse da daskararru da aka dakatar, da ammonia, chromium, phenol da sulfides.
Wutar lantarki
Tashoshin makamashin burbushin man fetur, musamman ma masu amfani da kwal, sune babban tushensaruwan sharar masana'antu.Yawancin waɗannan tsire-tsire suna fitar da ruwan sha mai ɗauke da ƙarfe mai yawa kamar gubar, mercury, cadmium da chromium, da arsenic, selenium da mahadi na nitrogen (nitrates da nitrites).Tsire-tsire masu sarrafa gurɓataccen iska, kamar masu goge-goge, galibi suna tura gurɓataccen gurɓataccen ruwa zuwa magudanan ruwa.
Karfe / ƙarfe samar
Ana amfani da ruwan da aka yi amfani da shi wajen samar da karfe don sanyaya da kuma rabuwa da samfur.An gurɓata shi da samfurori irin su ammonia da cyanide yayin aiwatar da juyawa na farko.Ruwan sharar ya haɗa da benzene, naphthalene, anthracene, phenol da cresol.Ƙirƙirar ƙarfe da ƙarfe zuwa faranti, wayoyi, ko sanduna na buƙatar ruwa azaman mai mai da sanyi, da ruwa mai ruwa, man shanu, da daskararrun granular.Ruwa don galvanized karfe yana buƙatar hydrochloric da sulfuric acid.Ruwan sharar ruwa ya haɗa da ruwan kurkura acid da ruwan sharar ruwa.Yawancin ruwan sharar gida na masana'antar karfe yana gurɓata da ruwa mai ruwa, wanda kuma aka sani da mai mai narkewa.
Kamfanin sarrafa karfe
Sharar da ake samu daga ayyukan gamawa na ƙarfe yawanci laka ne (silt) mai ɗauke da karafa da aka narkar da a cikin ruwaye.Ƙarfe plating, karfe karewa da kuma buga kewaye allon (PCB) masana'antu ayyuka samar da babban yawa na silt dauke da karfe hydroxides kamar ferric hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, nickel hydroxide, zinc hydroxide, jan karfe hydroxide da aluminum hydroxide.Dole ne a kula da ƙaƙƙarfan ruwan sharar ƙarfe don bin duk ƙa'idodin da suka dace saboda tasirin muhalli da ɗan adam / dabba na wannan sharar.
Wanki na masana'antu
Masana'antar sabis na yadi na kasuwanci suna hulɗa da adadi mai yawa a kowace shekara, kuma waɗannan riguna, tawul, MATS na bene, da sauransu, suna samar da ruwa mai datti da ke cike da mai, wadding, yashi, grit, ƙarfe mai nauyi, da mahaɗan ƙwayoyin cuta masu canzawa waɗanda dole ne a bi da su. kafin sallama.
Ma'adinai masana'antu
Wutsiyoyi na ma'adinai cakuɗe ne na ruwa da dutsen da aka niƙa da shi wanda ya rage daga cire ma'adinan ma'adinai, kamar zinariya ko azurfa, yayin ayyukan hakar ma'adinai.Ingantacciyar zubar da wutsiya na ma'adinai babban kalubale ne ga kamfanonin hakar ma'adinai.Wutsiya alhaki ne na muhalli da kuma babban ƙalubalen farashi da dama don rage farashin sufuri da zubarwa.Za a iya kawar da tsarin kulawa da kyau a kan tafkunan wutsiya.
Mai da iskar gas
Sharar da ruwan sha daga hako iskar gas ana ɗaukar sharar ƙasa mai haɗari kuma gishiri ne sosai.Bugu da kari, ruwa da aka gauraye da sinadarai na masana'antu a cikin alluran Rijiyoyin don sauƙaƙe aikin hakowa ya ƙunshi babban adadin sodium, magnesium, iron, barium, strontium, manganese, methanol, chlorine, sulfate da sauran abubuwa.Lokacin hakowa, kayan aikin rediyo da ke faruwa a zahiri suna komawa saman tare da ruwa.Ruwan da ke fashewa yana iya ƙunsar da abubuwan da ake amfani da su na hydrocarbons, waɗanda suka haɗa da guba irin su benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene da xylene waɗanda za a iya sakin su yayin hakowa.
Kamfanin kula da ruwa/sharar ruwa
Samfurin da aka samu daga masana'antar sarrafa najasa shine samar da sharar da ke tattare da gurɓataccen abu mai yawa.Ko da ruwan chlorinated da aka sake fa'ida zai iya ƙunsar abubuwan da ke kashe ƙwayoyin cuta kamar su trihalomethane da haloacetic acid.Shararar da aka yi daga tsire-tsire masu kula da najasa, da ake kira biosolids, sun ƙunshi takin mai magani na gama-gari, amma kuma yana iya ƙunsar ƙarfe mai nauyi da mahaɗan sinadarai na roba da ake samu a cikin kayayyakin gida.
sarrafa abinci
Ya kamata a kula da tarin magungunan kashe qwari, magungunan kashe qwari, sharar dabbobi da takin zamani a cikin abinci da ruwan sha na noma.A cikin aiwatar da sarrafa abinci daga albarkatun ƙasa, jikin ruwa yana cike da babban nauyin abubuwan da ke cikin abubuwan da ke da alaƙa da ƙwayoyin halitta mai narkewa ko kuma sinadarai.Sharar da ake samu daga yankan dabbobi da sarrafa su, ruwan jiki, al’amuran hanji da jini duk tushen gurbacewar ruwa ne da ake bukatar magani.
Lokacin aikawa: Fabrairu-15-2023